Causes And Effect Of Insulin Resistance Essay - 1108 Words

Causes of the condition Although in recent years the onset seems to be seen younger and younger type 2 diabetes normally appears in adults. Type 2 is the most common form of diabetes with over 90% of people with a diabetic diagnosis suffering from this kind (Lewis et al., 2014, p. 1221) Many people are often diagnosed during routine testing because the onset is slow and without complications individuals may go on for years without it being detected (Lewis et al., 2014, p. 1222). With type 2, insulin is still being made by the body and it is either just not enough to support the individual s needs or not being processed effectively (Lewis et al., 2014, p. 1221). There are four main ways that insulin problems are seen to have and effect, the first of which being insulin resistance. Insulin resistance occurs when there is plenty of insulin but it is not responded to by the body tissues that have built up an immunity to it. Another problem eventually producing type 2 diabetes is when there is a problem with a person s ÃŽ ²-cells. When ÃŽ ²-cells are not working or there are not enough the pancreas cannot produce the needed amount of insulin. While not the most prevalent factor the condition may also be associated with the liver haphazardly producing glucose instead of at a normal even rate. Hormone production shifting in regularity may also contribute to the onset of type 2 diabetes. Certain hormones are thought to also aid in glucose and fat breakdown and without this functioningShow MoreRelatedMsg And Its Effects On The Body869 Words   |  4 Pagespancreas to make more insulin, and insulin is a vital hormones in the body. As body is a fragi le balance of hormones, like any delicate ecosystem, one thing can be out of position. MSG is linked to making too much insulin, known as insulin resistance. There are many medical conditions are associated with insulin resistance. Now, I’m not telling you that all of them are caused only by MSG, but MSG might have some part to play in the increasing number, of people who are insulin resistant. Type 2 Diabetes:Read MoreDiabetes Is A Syndrome Of Impaired Metabolism Of Fat And Protein1494 Words   |  6 Pagessensitivity of the tissues to the insulin hormone or lack of insulin secretion. Type 1 diabetes is also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and it is caused by lack of insulin secretion. The cause of diabetes type 1 is not fully understood, however, viral infections, heredity and autoimmune disorders play a important role in the triggering of type 1 diabetes.It’s also known that type 1 diabetes arises when the beta cells of islets of Langerhans which secretes insulin are destroyed by immune-mediatedRead MoreObesity : Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes956 Words   |  4 Pagesalso causes an increase or decrease in insulin production. Insulin resistance occurs when the body prohibits the usage of insulin. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), Type 2 Diabetes â€Å"accounts for 90 to 95 percent of diabetic cases†; making it the prominent form of diabetes. The CDC indicates Type 2 Diabetes results from a combination of genetic and environmental influences (2014 National Diabetes Statistics Report.). Obesity, a significant risk factor, enhances the effects of TypeRead MoreInfertility : Polycystic Ovary Syndrome1113 Words   |  5 Pages Infertility: Polycystic ovary syndrome is probably the most common cause of anovulatory infertility (11), associated with an increased risk of miscarriage after either spontaneous or assisted conception (1) and the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in assisted conception (12). A higher incidence of first trimester spontaneous abortions (25–73%) has been reported in women with polycystic ovaries or PCOS (13). Abnormalities in LH secretion were found in 81% of women with recurrentRead MoreHow Does The Undergo Muscle Insulin Resistance?1292 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Insulin resistance is directly linked to insulin signaling in target tissues, including skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study is to determine if acylcarnitines undergo muscle insulin resistance. This research establishes a connection between incomplete ÃŽ ²-oxidation of muscle fatty acids to development of insulin resistance and oxidative stress. C2C12 cells, primary mice muscle and human myotubes were isolated to test insulin, inflammatory and antioxidant response. Acylcarnitine treatmentRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On Insulin Resistance And Type 2 Diabetes792 Words   |  4 Pages The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes A Meta-Analysis Dalal Mazraeh Saint James School of Medicine Preceptor: Maja Delibasic, M.D. ABSTRACT Sleep deprivation and sleep restriction leads to insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes. To study whether shortened sleep and sleep deprivation affects insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, we developed a meta-analysis of 7 studies that research this topic. The studies includedRead MoreObesity : The Prevalence Of Obesity1154 Words   |  5 Pagesand nearly one-fourth are clinically obese (BMI ≠¥ 30). Most of the cases of obesity within the UK are termed moderate. Nevertheless, moderate obesity is a risk factor for many long term metabolic conditions such as dyslipidaemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and type II diabetes (Grundy, 1998). These conditions are particularly associated with central obesity, whereby fat is deposited intra-abdominally (Elliott et al, 2002). Epidemiology In the UK there are †¦ obese adults andRead MoreAspirin Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Low-Dose Aspirin on Lipid Profile Hyperlipidemia is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by an excess of lipids in blood stream, such as the increased serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TCH), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as well as decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (Graham et al. 1996, Xu et al. 2001). Hyperlipidemia, as the major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, is becoming a major health problem in the worldRead MoreThe Pathophysiology Behind Pcos : Inflammation1681 Words   |  7 Pagesimplications for reproductive health (see Table 1; NIH, 2012). However, in addition to these reproductive criteria – which tend to manifest as hirsutism, infertility, and pregnancy complications – PCOS is marked by metabolic criteria, namely insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and dyslipidemia (4-6, Yavuz et al 2014). Interestingly, these metabolic factors are intrinsic to PCOS; they are exacerb ated by concurrent obesity but affect lean women with PCOSRead MorePathway Of Igf-1 Pathway784 Words   |  4 PagesThe insulin/IGF-1 pathway which plays a major role in the control of lifespan and aging in animals and humans includes a lot of genes if any gene transformed with single mutation the IGF-1 pathway can increase lifespan and cause human longevity to remain active and youthful much longer than normal. As in different species, yeast, nematodes and fruit flies there are genes homologous with mammalian genes that control in IGF-1 pathway and mutation in any one of them may be affected on lifespan (Tatar

Changing Native American Stereotypes in the Film, Dances...

Changing Native American Stereotypes in the Film, Dances with Wolves The film Dances with Wolves, that was written by Michael Blake and directed by Kevin Costner, helps to shift our perspective of Native Americans from one of stereotypical distaste, to one of support and respect. According to an anonymous critic on www.eFilmcritic.com This is one of the few westerns that devotes its time to looking at the plight of the American Indians (particularly the Sioux), who were thought by some as even more subhuman than blacks during the 1800s (and even during parts of the 1900s). It has always been thought that Native Americans of old were savage, non-feeling, unemotional, cold-blooded killers. It is difficult for people to see them as†¦show more content†¦He sees them as real people. As people that are just looking out for their families and dont want to lose their heritage. The Sioux are very perplexed by John. He comes to the army fort and he doesnt seem to be afraid of them like everyone else is. They are not just going to go out and kill him. He didnt do anything to harm or threaten their lifestyle, so why should they bother him. They dont know how to react to him. Every time they make an appearance to him, he seems friendly and acts like he wants to get to know them. Now here is a prime instance of how the Sioux do not fit into the typical view of Indians. The typical view is that Native Americans dont care about other people and they just go around killing everyone for the fun of it. This is totally opposite of that. In the film, the Sioux make numerous appearances to John without being threatening at all. They just want to try and get to know him and see what he is there for. According to people from our my English Composition class there are a lot of scenes in Dances with Wolves that illustrate the view of Indians as brutal savages. Some of these include: beating people on the head with a mace, shooting of dog, wagon train remains, driver of the mule train killed, yanking captive lady off the horse, and killing of peasant. These are just a few that can be interpreted as savage. There were also views of when they came to think of the Indians as friends instead ofShow MoreRelated The West in Film Essay examples2952 Words   |  12 Pagesspecifically women and Native Americans, in Western film has changed drastically from the early 1930s to the late 1980s. These changes represent the changing views of American society in general throughout the 20th century. In the early part of the century, women and Native Americans were depicted as a burden. Women were viewed as a form of property, helpless and needing support. These minorities were obstacles in the ques t for manifest destiny by the United States. Western films during the early 20thRead More Portrayal of Native Americans in Film Essay4573 Words   |  19 Pageson the islands that he falsely believed were the Indies. The term Indian spread back to Europe, as did the term Indies, and to this day, Native Americans are known as Indians, and the Caribbean islands are referred to as the West Indies. The Indians populated a much greater area than Columbus could have imagined, covering the land of two Continents. The Native people of these lands, known already by a term in their languages that roughly meant the people, were now thrown into one large group calledRead More Shifting Perceptions in Dances With Wolves Essay1821 Words   |  8 PagesShifting Perceptions in Dances With Wolves In Kevin Costners motion picture Dances With Wolves, a white veteran of the Civil War, John Dunbar, ventures to the American frontier, where he encounters a tribe of Sioux Indians. At first, both parties are quite wary and almost hostile to each other, but after some time, Dunbar realizes that they have both grown to love and value each other as friends. As the movie critic Robert Ebert comments, Dunbar possesses the one quality he needs to cut throughRead MoreEssay on Stereotypes and Stereotyping of Native Americans2394 Words   |  10 PagesThe Stereotyping of Native Americans Until fairly recently the popular culture of American literature and film did not attempt to study the true representations of Indians in North America. Instead they chose to concentrate on the romanticized/savage version of Native people: which is an idealistic view of a Native with long, beautiful flowing hair riding on a horse obsessed with chanting and praying to the savageness of a rowdy, wild Native causing unnecessary mayhem to the white peopleRead MoreThe Film Little Big Man And Winter1759 Words   |  8 Pagesbeen written on the representation of Native Americans in film. Even the most cursory of perusals will yield a veritable bonanza of essays, articles, books, and the like bemoaning and/or celebrating the various depictions of the Native American experience down through the ages. Film representations especially run the gamut between base stereotypes to naà ¯ve idealizations and (eventually) every permutation in between. This is not all that surprising, given that film has been around for well over a centuryRead MoreThe Racism Of Native Americans Essay1768 Words   |  8 PagesThe image of Native Americans primarily consumed by all of America is more often offensive, stereotypical, or downright fictional. And this is all because a non-indigenous person is always the one teaching us about indigenous people, thus their bias is forever unconsciously tied to the â€Å"facts†, which could very well be just a â€Å"common sense racism† agreed upon by many others. For those who have no contact with a minority group, television is their best source of information on said group, and bothRead MoreIroquois Confederacy9092 Words   |  37 Pagessophisticated society of some 5,500 people when the first white explorers encountered it at the beginning of the seventeenth century. The 1990 Census counted 49,038 Iroquois living in the United States, making them the countrys eighth most populous Native American group. Although Iroquoian tribes own seven reservations in New York state and one in Wisconsin, the majority of the people live off the reservations. An additional 5,000 Iroquois reside in Canada, where there are two Iroquoian reservations. TheRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagespoint of disagreement that inspires someone to present an argument. The argument’s conclusion favors one side of the issue over the other. topic The general area of the issue. If the issue is whether Americans prefer southern European food to northern European food, then the topic might be American taste preferences. weigh the pros and cons In deciding on taking an action, you weigh the pros and cons by looking at alternative actions that can be taken, then considering the probable good consequences

National Push for Accountability in Schools Free Essays

The pace of change dictates that schools should provide high quality learning standards to students. It requires that the school system should improve their learning approaches to enhance academic achievements of students. In this connection policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels have worked to increase accountability of the school system on the premise that the same plays a vital role in improving learning standards of students and society as well. We will write a custom essay sample on National Push for Accountability in Schools or any similar topic only for you Order Now This then pave the way to the recognition of evaluation of school performance to improve standards of learning and achievements of students. The system of accountability requires schools to define what students should know and be able to do and to measure progress and gaps in students’ achievement. It facilitates the attainment of the desired education standards anchored on quality content and high learning standards. Developing appropriate content and student achievement standards are accordingly important part of showing policymakers and the public a return on their educational investment. However, accountability of schools for students learning and achievement is impossible without a clear, focused road map on the achievement standards and what and how well students are to learn from kindergarten through graduation. Many states have developed content and achievement standards without involving stakeholders and teachers. They also have not considered how their standards are to be implemented, measured and tied to accountability. Developing content and student achievement standards without considerable contribution and input from a variety of sources is fatal as there is no sense of ownership as well as responsibility from the stakeholders and agencies not represented. The standards set are then viewed as bias and one-sided thereby defeating its purpose and rendering weak implementation of the system. Accountability system utilizes results from standardized tests to evaluate performance of students and schools, and provide sanctions, rewards or interventions for schools, educators or students. This system involves consistent monitoring and evaluation of the students’ and schools’ performance that it requires active participation of the educators, parents, stakeholders, and policy makers. The ripple effect of the system requires that these concerned people and stakeholders should be consistently committed to the purpose, implementation, and evaluation in order to keep track of students and schools’ performance and eventually facilitate desired continuous improvement of schools’ performance standards. According to Kate Nolan (2002), â€Å"it is not enough to believe that all children can learn. All elements of the system must be held accountable for the success of all children†.   The effect of the accountability system in school is all encompassing that Kate Nolan further noted that, â€Å"the improvement in school performance requires improvement in all stakeholders’ performance†. Thus change in the system should not be an isolated case for the school sector but also on the part of the stakeholders as accountability requires their active participation and commitment for the system to work. It is noted that the accountability system is designed to be a tool for instituting changes in schools that would positively benefit the students, parents, community and the country in general. This system provides opportunities and avenues for joint effort of all people and agencies concerned to raise the standards of the education system thereby improving school performance and learning of the students. The intention of the program is indeed noble and reflects an effort to bring education system to respond to the fast changing demands of the learning community, yet a lot of areas need thorough consideration and re-evaluation. According to Chuch Poochigian, â€Å"the education system reforms undertaken in the past years have greatly enhanced the ability of the parents to monitor the performance of their children as well as of the school where they are enrolled, however, the only way that the drive for accountability in education will be truly successful is if parents utilize the new tools offered to them to ensure that their children receive quality education.† This statement should give one an idea that accountability should not be limited to the school sector only. According to Douglas B. Reeves (2002), â€Å"accountability must be viewed in a different way. It must consider and address the issues in congruence of the objectives and the strategies, specificity, relevance, respect for diversity, continuous improvement, and focus on achievement, not norms.† Accountability system is highly complex and involves a range of interconnected issues and design as well as technical issues on the implementation and evaluation aspect that needs further thorough study and reconsideration. Also it must be noted that no matter how enlightened or elegant the assessment devices, if the focus is limited to gathering and reporting data rather than skillful use of those data for learning and achievement enhancement of students, little improvement to school performance will result. Thus, the best way to know whether an accountability system is working is to see whether the school system it accounts for is moving from where it was to where it wants to be. From its first implementation, an accountability system requires not only internal implementation but also external monitoring. Indeed the national push for accountability dignifies the need to improve standards of school performance and would greatly benefit the students but the approach is insufficient and has undesirable side effects. Schools do not per se reject accountability as the same is an intrinsic responsibility, but an authentic approach to accountability must be formulated. A new set of principles must be created to guide the reconstruction of accountability systems to better meet the needs of education and students, and to avoid the dangers often associated with current accountability systems. Further, collaboration and supportive effort of the school, stakeholders and policymakers must be promoted. Reference List Nolan, K. (2002). Excerpts from using accountability to build strong schools. Education Commission of States. Retrieved February 20, 2007 from http://www.ecs.org Poochigian, C. School accountability reforms. Retrieved February 23, 2007 from http://www.reasons.org/pb34.pdf. Reeves, D. (2002). Accountability based-reforms should lead to a better teaching and learning-period. Harvard Education System. Retrieved February 20, 2007 from http://www.edletter.org/past/issues2002-ma/reeves.shtml. How to cite National Push for Accountability in Schools, Essay examples

Cultural Diversity in Local Politics Essay Example For Students

Cultural Diversity in Local Politics Essay Overview This paper explores the limits and potentials of ethnic and racial coalition building in Los Angeles. The demographic changes that have occurred in Los Angeles during the past twenty years have been extraordinary, both in scope and diversity. The area has witnessed a literal boom in population growth, increasing from 7 million in 1970 to 8.8 million in 1990. (US Bureau of the Census) However, it is the dramatic change in ethnic and racial diversity of the population which has caught most observers attention. Los Angeles has taken on a new form in terms of its racial diversity, moving from a biracial to a multiethnic setting. The non-Hispanic White population has declined from its 71 percent share in 1970 to a narrow numerical plurality of 41 percent of the countys population in 1990. Meanwhile, the Latino and Asian Pacific population witnessed a doubling from 15% to 39% and near quadrupling from 3% to 11% of their population shares respectively. Meanwhile, African Americans, while slightly growing numerically, were a constant share of the county population (11%) during this period. (Oliver and Johnson:57-94) Thus, on the eve of the twenty-first century, Los Angeles has one of the most ethnically diverse populations of any metropolitan area in the country. What does this ethnic diversity mean for multiethnic coalition building in the politics of Los Angeles County? Does the changing demography increase the opportunity for ethnic cooperation? Or, has the ethnic changes increased rather than decreased the prospects of interethnic conflict? Introduction After the 1992 riots, a clarion call was issued from all corners for the emerging multiethnic majority to take its rightful place in the politics and leadership of the city. A multiethnic coalition, it ws suggested, could lead the city to a new multicultural future. This call was clearly built on the assumption that three divers groups African Americans, Asian Pacific Islanders and Latinos could come together and pursue a coalition built on their common interests. But what do we do know about the prospects of multiethnic coalitions? There is voluminous literature on urban politics. However, this literature has been shaped principally by the question of racial politics. (Browning, Marshall and Tabb) That is, how have traditional urban politics, read White politics, been affected or impacted by the role of Blacks on the urban scene. Probably the most influential work on Black/White urban political coalitions was Carmichael and Hamiltons Black Power. (Carmichael and Hamilton) In this work, as in most of the literature, the foundation of coalitions were based on common interests. They argued that all political relations are based on common self interest benefits to be gained and losses to be avoided. From this perspective, Carmichael and Hamilton argued, there were no permanent friends or enemies for Blacks in their struggle for freedom and power only temporary alliances when self interests coincide. Thus, they rejected the notion that White liberals, whose ideological orientation was favorable to Black aspirations, should be viewed as reliable and enduring allies. Rather, they were perceived as one among many which could be either potential allies or potential adversaries on the road to power. Carmichael and Hamiltons emphasis on interests and ideology alone, when extended to the multiethnic scene of Los Angeles, portends a rather bleak future for multiethnic coalitions. Alliances forging common interests are not readily evident or clear among the diversity of racial and ethnic groups in Los Angeles. Moreover, class and ethnic divisions between and within ethnic and racial groups have structured competing and cross-cutting interests that, on the face, appear to be overwhelming. Jackie Robinson EssayEthnic groups, for example, have diverse interests based on such factors as citizenship, ethnicity and class. Latinos are divided by the diverse interest of an immigrant noncitizen population and citizen native population. This became evident in the aftermath of the riots when the mostly Mexican Americans, citizen-based East Los Angeles leadership attempted to disassociate themselves from the more Central-American and recent Mexican immigrant-based residents of South Central Los Angeles. (Ramos and Wilkinson) This divisionexpressed a long standing concern that the Latinoization of Los Angeles politics was in fact being ushered in under Mexican hegemony. Likewise, diverse interests are apparent on the basis of national origin. Among Asian Pacific Islanders, long standing historical divisions between Koreans, Japanese, and Chines cause, in some critical cases, group enmity as opposed to unity. And even African Americans have strong class cleavages that, despite the concerted attempts of some middle class Blacks to reach out to the needs and the concerns of their less advantaged brethren, show increasing signs of developing into two separate communities. Thus, in the context of .